Smoke versus Vapor
The Tobacco Industry vs the Electronic Cigarette
Esmoke Safety Reports
July 23, 2009
NJOY RESPONSE TO FDA CONFERENCE CALL
NJOY products have been on the market since at least April 2007 with no reports of significant adverse health consequences. We do not market our products to children, and indeed take affirmative steps to ensure that our products are not sold to minors by requiring retailers to agree to where the product is placed and request verification of appropriate age as it pertains to eachstate law.
You can read the entire Statement here.
Green Smoke Safety Report
I have also included an available report from another electronic cigarette company that also shows additives and ingredients which are well within the parameters of safety as per the requirements of the FDA for other nicotine products available at this time.
Gamucci Safety Report
Report Number: E98DAnalysis of Components from Gamucci Electronic Cigarette
March 3rd 2009
On balance, the nicotine solution appears to offer a much safer alternative to the traditional cigarette, since it does not appear to contain the toxic cocktail of toxic compounds found in traditional tobacco smoke, where 600+ chemicals have been identified, of which many are carcinogenic.
The
primary aerosol forming solvent (propylene glycol) used in the
preparation of the nicotine solution is listed as a suspected
respiratory toxicant. It has been suggested that the aerosol forming
solvent from the suspected respiratory toxicant "Propylene Glycol",
be changed to an even safer solvent such as glycerol in the event
that the solvent becomes added to the list of respiratony toxicants
in the foreseeable future.
E-cigarette Safety: Ruyan e-cigarette Benchtop Tests
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The mist of the e-cigarette has been rigorously tested. Of over 50 priority-listed cigarette smoke toxicants tested, none was detectable in the mist of the Ruyan e-cigarette, except for a trace of mercury close to the limit of detection. Some toxicants remain to be tested before the results are submitted for publication. On the basis of findings to date, inhaling mist from the e-cigarette is rated several orders of magnitude (100 to 1000 times) less dangerous than smoking tobacco cigarettes. The nicotine dose per puff is comparable to that of a medicinal nicotine inhaler. E-cigarette nicotine is apparently not absorbed from the lung, but from the upper airways.
You can find the full Report here
Inhaled Aerosol
Murray Laugesen
Health New Zealand Ltd
Christchurch, New Zealand.
www.healthnz.co.nz
30 October 2008
Ruyan e-cigarette Cartridge Report @ Health New Zealand Ltd. 30 October 2008
Foreword
This safety report includes Health New Zealands findings to date. Ruyan has allowed flexibility in the nature of investigations carried out. The tests reported are backed up by signed reports from the contracted laboratories. No completed test results have been withheld.
This version of the report includes results of further tests on mist and cartridges reported from the laboratories since the last version on 21 October 2008. The overall conclusions of the report are unchanged.
Source of funding and disclaimer
The Ruyan e-cigarettes and the funds for testing them were supplied under a contract by Ruyan (Holdings) Ltd Hong Kong, but the findings are those of the author. Neither the author nor Health New Zealand Ltd holds stock in Ruyan (Holdings) Co. Ltd.
(Dr) Murray Laugesen
Lyttelton, Christchurch, 8082, New Zealand.
30 October, 2008
Summary
Aim. This report aims to assist regulators in initial assessment of the safety of the Ruyan e-cigarette and its cartridges, and the possible risks and benefits from permitting its use Method. Health New Zealand Ltd contracted with seven leading government, university and commercial laboratories in New Zealand and Canada to independently perform various tests on the Ruyan cigarette nicotine refill cartridge.
Findings. Ruyan e-cigarette is designed to be a safe alternative to smoking. The various test results confirm this is the case. It is very safe relative to cigarette, and also safe in absolute terms on all measurements we have applied. Using micro-electronics it vaporizes, separately for each puff, very small quantities of nicotine dissolved in propylene glycol, two small well-known molecules with excellent safety profiles, into a fine aerosol. Each puff contains one third to one half the nicotine in a tobacco cigarette puff. The cartridge liquid is tobacco-free and no combustion occurs.
Financial disclosure. This report is funded by Ruyan.
Disclaimer. Apart from research Health New Zealand derives no financial benefit from Ruyan.
Ruyan e-cigarette Cartridge Report @ Health New Zealand Ltd. 30 October 2008
Limitation. Unless the contrary is stated, findings refer specifically to Ruyan e-cigarettes only.
Safety of the Ruyan cartridge liquid and inhaled aerosol
1. Propylene Glycol
Summary: Propylene glycol (PG) is virtually non-toxic.
According to the manufacturer, propylene glycol makes up 89-90% of the liquid in the nicotine cartridge that generates the mist and vapor in the e-cigarette
Competency.
The author has authored or co-authored
over 30 research papers and reports
in national and international scientific medical journals since 1995,
on smoking, and
latterly on testing of cigarettes and cigarette substitutes.
AN E-CIGARETTE?
THE RESULTS OF INDEPENDENT
CHEMICAL AND
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Murray Laugesen*
Simon Thornley#
Hayden McRobbie**
Chris Bullen**
Conflict of Interest and Disclosure statement
This work is part of a research contract between the Health New Zealand Ltd and
Ruyan Group Holdings, Beijing.
No financial benefit accrues and no Ruyan stock is held by Health New Zealand Ltd or the author
You can read the full report here.
* Health New Zealand Ltd, Christchurch NZ. www.healthnz.co.nz
# Public Health Medicine Registrar, Auckland District Health Board, NZ
**Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Auckland, NZ. www.ctru.auckland.ac.nz/
AcceptableChoice have visited 9 factories and evaluated those and their products. From this evaluation set-up a number of research materials, documents, analysis and documents have been available and is the basis for some of the findings in this report.
In order to debate the products properly, you need to separate the products in the electronic device and the filters with the substance.
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|
Main Ingredient |
Manufacturers content |
Eurofins Findings |
FEMA/CAS No/CoE |
|
1 |
TOBACCO ESSENCIAL OILï¼VIRGINIA (flavour substance) |
<5% |
|
Natural from tobacco |
|
2 |
TOBACCO ABSOLUTEï¼VIRGINIA (flavour substance) |
<5% |
|
Natural from tobacco |
|
3 |
TOBACCO ABSOLUTEï¼BURLEY (flavour substance) |
<5% |
|
Natural from tobacco |
|
4 |
ORIENT TOBACCO ABSOLUTE (flavour substance) |
<5% |
|
Natural from tobacco |
|
5 |
2ï¼3ï¼5-TRIMETHYLPYRAZINE |
<1% |
|
3244/14667-55-1/CoE735 |
|
6 |
2ï¼3-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE |
<1% |
|
3271/CoE11323 |
|
7 |
2ï¼5-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE |
<1% |
|
3272/CoE2210 |
|
8 |
2-ETHYLPYRAZINE |
<1% |
|
3281/Coe2213 |
|
9 |
2-ACETYLPYRAZINE |
<1% |
|
3126 /22047-25-2/CoE2286 |
|
10 |
2ï¼6ï¼6-TRIMETHYLCYCLOHEX-2-BUTENE-4-ONE |
|
|
3420 |
|
11 |
BETA-IONONE |
<5% |
|
2595/FDA172.515 |
|
12 |
LINALOOL |
<2% |
|
2635/000126-90-9 |
|
13 |
MENTHOL |
<2% |
910 |
2665/000089-78-1 |
|
14 |
METHYL BUTYRIC ACID (2-) |
<2% |
|
2695/000116-53-0 |
|
15 |
Rose oil, bulgarian, true otto |
<2% |
|
2989/008007-01-0 |
|
16 |
Vanilla extract |
<5% |
|
008024-06-4 |
|
17 |
Octalactone (gamma-) |
<1% |
|
104-50-7 |
|
18 |
Undecalactone (gamma-) |
<1% |
|
104-67-6 |
|
19 |
PURE WATER |
<20% |
|
7732-18-5 |
|
20 |
PROPYLENE GLYCOL |
>50% |
290.000 |
2940/57-55-6 |
|
21 |
GLYCEROL |
>10% |
28 |
2525/000056-81-5 |
Below are a few of the different electronic cigarette liquid solution compositions available:
| Substance | Recipe 1 | Recipe 2 | Recipe 3 | Recipe 4 | ||||||||||||
| 85% | 80% | 90% | 80% | ||||||||||||
|
| 4% | 2% | 0.1% | ||||||||||||
| 2% | 5% | - | 5% | ||||||||||||
|
| 4% | 4.5% | 1% | ||||||||||||
|
|
| 1% | 1% | ||||||||||||
|
| - | - | 2% | ||||||||||||
|
|
| - | - | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
| - | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
| - | ||||||||||||
| - | 0.6% | - | - | ||||||||||||
| - | 0.4% | - | - | ||||||||||||
| - | 0-5% | - | - | ||||||||||||
| - | 0.2% | - | - | ||||||||||||
| - | 0.3% | - | - | ||||||||||||
| - | 2% | - | - | ||||||||||||
| - | 0.5% | - | - | ||||||||||||
| - | 0.5% | 2.5% | - | ||||||||||||
| - | - | - | 2.9% | ||||||||||||
| - | - | - | 8% |
